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"On March 10-11, 2016, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a public symposium on potential U.S. government policies for the oversight of gain-of-function (GOF) research. This was the Academies' second meeting held at the request of the U.S. government to provide a mechanism to engage the life sciences community and the broader public and solicit feedback on optimal approaches to ensure effective federal oversight of GOF research as part of a broader U.S. government deliberative process. The first symposium, held in December 2014, examined the underlying scientific and technical questions surrounding the potential risks and benefits of GOF research involving pathogens with pandemic potential. The second symposium focused on discussion of the draft recommendations regarding GOF research of a Working Group of the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. This report summarizes the key issues and ideas identified during the second symposium"--

Epidemics --- Prevention. --- Prevention

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Homicide --- Research --- Prevention. --- Prévention --- Prévention --- Prevention

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Tuberculosis --- Prevention.

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Tuberculosis --- Prevention.

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L'article commence par une série de quatre comparaisons pouvant éclairer la recherche de solutions préventives contre l'homicide familial : 1. comparaisons internationales sur le contrôle des armes à feu ; 2. comparaisons entre les homicides conjugaux et les autres violences familiales non létales ; 3. comparaisons selon les types de violence familiale ; 4. comparaisons entre intervention et non intervention policière. La deuxième partie présente les solutions préventives les plus prometteuses 1. Encourager les victimes et les tiers à appeler la police. 2. Distinguer les degrés de violence et agir en conséquence. 3. Quand le danger est faible, viser l'apaisement, le blâme et la dissuasion. 4. Quand le danger est élevé, viser la neutralisation de l'agresseur et la protection de la victime. 5. Tenir compte du facteur temps. 6. Confisquer les armes à feu en possession des auteurs de violence familiale. The article starts by four comparisons useful when one looks at the prevention of family homicide : 1. international comparisons on gun control ; 2. comparisons between partner homicide and other non-lethal violence ; 3. comparisons between types of family violence ; 4. comparison between police intervention and non-intervention. In the second part, promising preventive solutions are presented : 1. Encouraging victims and third parties to call the police. 2. Distinguishing degrees of violence. 3. If the degree of danger is low, aiming at blaming and deterring. 4. If the degree of danger is high, aiming at incapacitation and protection of victim. 5. Taking time into account. 6. Taking away guns from the hands of violent individuals.

Crime prevention.